Linux命令 系统管理
11.系统管理¶
11.1 lsof¶
Linux 查看端口占用情况可以使用 lsof 和 netstat 命令。lsof 查看端口占用语法格式：
lsof -i:端口号
root@leco:~# lsof -i:22 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME sshd 1401 root 3u IPv4 39679 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) sshd 1401 root 4u IPv6 39681 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) sshd 3518 root 3u IPv4 34543 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:ssh->192.168.5.1:7644 (ESTABLISHED) sshd 3589 leco 3u IPv4 34543 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:ssh->192.168.5.1:7644 (ESTABLISHED) root@leco:~# lsof -i:6000 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 1443 root 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1444 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1445 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1446 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1447 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN)
可以看到 6000 端口已经被轻 nginx服务占用。
# 使用root用户来执行lsof -i 命令 root@leco:~# lsof -i COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME cupsd 795 root 10u IPv6 19840 0t0 TCP ip6-localhost:ipp (LISTEN) cupsd 795 root 11u IPv4 19841 0t0 TCP localhost:ipp (LISTEN) mongod 811 mongodb 10u IPv4 25119 0t0 TCP localhost:27017 (LISTEN) avahi-dae 871 avahi 12u IPv4 20687 0t0 UDP *:mdns avahi-dae 871 avahi 13u IPv6 20688 0t0 UDP *:mdns avahi-dae 871 avahi 14u IPv4 20689 0t0 UDP *:51183 avahi-dae 871 avahi 15u IPv6 20690 0t0 UDP *:41768 cups-brow 954 root 8u IPv4 20845 0t0 UDP *:ipp proxysql 1074 root 19u IPv4 20827 0t0 TCP *:6033 (LISTEN) proxysql 1074 root 20u IPv4 20828 0t0 TCP *:6033 (LISTEN) proxysql 1074 root 21u IPv4 20829 0t0 TCP *:6033 (LISTEN) proxysql 1074 root 22u IPv4 20830 0t0 TCP *:6033 (LISTEN) proxysql 1074 root 23u IPv4 25711 0t0 TCP *:6032 (LISTEN) sshd 1401 root 3u IPv4 39679 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) sshd 1401 root 4u IPv6 39681 0t0 TCP *:ssh (LISTEN) mysqld 1421 mysql 24u IPv6 31901 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN) mysqld 1421 mysql 51u IPv4 31943 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:53860->192.168.2.146:mysql (ESTABLISHED) nginx 1443 root 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1443 root 7u IPv4 21121 0t0 TCP *:90 (LISTEN) nginx 1443 root 8u IPv4 21122 0t0 TCP *:afs3-fileserver (LISTEN) nginx 1443 root 9u IPv4 21123 0t0 TCP *:kerberos (LISTEN) nginx 1444 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1444 www-data 7u IPv4 21121 0t0 TCP *:90 (LISTEN) nginx 1444 www-data 8u IPv4 21122 0t0 TCP *:afs3-fileserver (LISTEN) nginx 1444 www-data 9u IPv4 21123 0t0 TCP *:kerberos (LISTEN) nginx 1445 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1445 www-data 7u IPv4 21121 0t0 TCP *:90 (LISTEN) nginx 1445 www-data 8u IPv4 21122 0t0 TCP *:afs3-fileserver (LISTEN) nginx 1445 www-data 9u IPv4 21123 0t0 TCP *:kerberos (LISTEN) nginx 1446 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1446 www-data 7u IPv4 21121 0t0 TCP *:90 (LISTEN) nginx 1446 www-data 8u IPv4 21122 0t0 TCP *:afs3-fileserver (LISTEN) nginx 1446 www-data 9u IPv4 21123 0t0 TCP *:kerberos (LISTEN) nginx 1447 www-data 6u IPv4 21120 0t0 TCP *:x11 (LISTEN) nginx 1447 www-data 7u IPv4 21121 0t0 TCP *:90 (LISTEN) nginx 1447 www-data 8u IPv4 21122 0t0 TCP *:afs3-fileserver (LISTEN) nginx 1447 www-data 9u IPv4 21123 0t0 TCP *:kerberos (LISTEN) chronogra 1477 chronograf 5u IPv6 27287 0t0 TCP *:8888 (LISTEN) rwhod 1600 rwhod 3u IPv4 28701 0t0 UDP *:who rwhod 1604 rwhod 3u IPv4 28701 0t0 UDP *:who redis-sen 1629 redis 4u IPv4 29195 0t0 TCP localhost:26379 (LISTEN) redis-sen 1629 redis 5u IPv4 29198 0t0 TCP localhost:49615->localhost:6379 (ESTABLISHED) redis-sen 1629 redis 6u IPv4 29199 0t0 TCP localhost:45091->localhost:6379 (ESTABLISHED) redis-ser 1630 redis 4u IPv4 27754 0t0 TCP *:6379 (LISTEN) redis-ser 1630 redis 5u IPv4 27218 0t0 TCP localhost:6379->localhost:49615 (ESTABLISHED) redis-ser 1630 redis 6u IPv4 27219 0t0 TCP localhost:6379->localhost:45091 (ESTABLISHED) ntpd 1661 ntp 16u IPv6 25007 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 17u IPv4 25010 0t0 UDP *:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 18u IPv4 25014 0t0 UDP localhost:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 19u IPv6 25016 0t0 UDP ip6-localhost:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 23u IPv4 28496 0t0 UDP 192.168.5.110:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 24u IPv6 28499 0t0 UDP [fe80::7627:eaff:feb0:aa2c]:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 25u IPv4 32965 0t0 UDP 172.16.1.1:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 26u IPv4 32967 0t0 UDP 172.16.97.1:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 27u IPv6 37238 0t0 UDP [fe80::250:56ff:fec0:1]:ntp ntpd 1661 ntp 28u IPv6 37240 0t0 UDP [fe80::250:56ff:fec0:8]:ntp tp_core 1688 root 4u IPv4 27214 0t0 UDP localhost:56899->localhost:42396 tp_core 1688 root 5u IPv4 27215 0t0 UDP localhost:42396->localhost:56899 tp_core 1688 root 6u IPv4 27216 0t0 TCP localhost:52080 (LISTEN) tp_core 1688 root 14u IPv4 29269 0t0 TCP *:52189 (LISTEN) tp_core 1688 root 15u IPv4 27896 0t0 TCP *:52089 (LISTEN) tp_core 1688 root 22u IPv4 27307 0t0 TCP *:52389 (LISTEN) tp_web 1775 root 6u IPv4 30834 0t0 TCP *:7190 (LISTEN) teamviewe 1820 root 13u IPv4 27559 0t0 TCP localhost:5939 (LISTEN) teamviewe 1820 root 15u IPv4 654847 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:50896->CA-VAN-ANX-R004.teamviewer.com:5938 (ESTABLISHED) shellinab 2145 shellinabox 4u IPv4 25421 0t0 TCP *:4200 (LISTEN) apache2 2217 root 4u IPv6 31746 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) apache2 2219 www-data 4u IPv6 31746 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) apache2 2220 www-data 4u IPv6 31746 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) ntop 2320 ntop 1u IPv4 28413 0t0 TCP *:3000 (LISTEN) vmware-au 2551 root 8u IPv6 32242 0t0 TCP *:902 (LISTEN) vmware-au 2551 root 9u IPv4 32243 0t0 TCP *:902 (LISTEN) vmware-ho 2629 root 14u IPv4 34056 0t0 TCP *:https (LISTEN) vmware-ho 2629 root 15u IPv6 34057 0t0 TCP *:https (LISTEN) vmware-ho 2629 root 18u IPv4 34059 0t0 TCP localhost:8307 (LISTEN) nmbd 2696 root 16u IPv4 31252 0t0 UDP *:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 17u IPv4 31253 0t0 UDP *:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 18u IPv4 31255 0t0 UDP 192.168.5.110:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 19u IPv4 31256 0t0 UDP 192.168.5.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 20u IPv4 31257 0t0 UDP 192.168.5.110:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 21u IPv4 31258 0t0 UDP 192.168.5.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 22u IPv4 31259 0t0 UDP 172.16.97.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 23u IPv4 31260 0t0 UDP 172.16.97.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 24u IPv4 31261 0t0 UDP 172.16.97.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 25u IPv4 31262 0t0 UDP 172.16.97.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 26u IPv4 31263 0t0 UDP 172.16.1.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 27u IPv4 31264 0t0 UDP 172.16.1.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 28u IPv4 31265 0t0 UDP 172.16.1.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 29u IPv4 31266 0t0 UDP 172.16.1.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 31u IPv4 56357 0t0 UDP 172.17.0.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 32u IPv4 56358 0t0 UDP 172.17.255.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 33u IPv4 56359 0t0 UDP 172.17.0.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 34u IPv4 56360 0t0 UDP 172.17.255.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 35u IPv4 56361 0t0 UDP 172.18.0.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 36u IPv4 56362 0t0 UDP 172.18.255.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 37u IPv4 56363 0t0 UDP 172.18.0.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 38u IPv4 56364 0t0 UDP 172.18.255.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 39u IPv4 56365 0t0 UDP 172.19.0.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 40u IPv4 56366 0t0 UDP 172.19.255.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 41u IPv4 56367 0t0 UDP 172.19.0.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 42u IPv4 56368 0t0 UDP 172.19.255.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 43u IPv4 56369 0t0 UDP 172.20.0.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 44u IPv4 56370 0t0 UDP 172.20.255.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 45u IPv4 56371 0t0 UDP 172.20.0.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 46u IPv4 56372 0t0 UDP 172.20.255.255:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 47u IPv4 56373 0t0 UDP 192.168.122.1:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 48u IPv4 56374 0t0 UDP 192.168.122.255:netbios-ns nmbd 2696 root 49u IPv4 56375 0t0 UDP 192.168.122.1:netbios-dgm nmbd 2696 root 50u IPv4 56376 0t0 UDP 192.168.122.255:netbios-dgm smbd 2767 root 34u IPv6 34828 0t0 TCP *:microsoft-ds (LISTEN) smbd 2767 root 35u IPv6 34829 0t0 TCP *:netbios-ssn (LISTEN) smbd 2767 root 36u IPv4 34830 0t0 TCP *:microsoft-ds (LISTEN) smbd 2767 root 37u IPv4 34831 0t0 TCP *:netbios-ssn (LISTEN) sshd 3518 root 3u IPv4 34543 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:ssh->192.168.5.1:7644 (ESTABLISHED) sshd 3589 leco 3u IPv4 34543 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:ssh->192.168.5.1:7644 (ESTABLISHED) dnsmasq 3858 libvirt-dnsmasq 3u IPv4 39695 0t0 UDP *:bootps dnsmasq 3858 libvirt-dnsmasq 5u IPv4 39698 0t0 UDP 192.168.122.1:domain dnsmasq 3858 libvirt-dnsmasq 6u IPv4 39699 0t0 TCP 192.168.122.1:domain (LISTEN) smbd 27361 root 38u IPv4 522400 0t0 TCP 192.168.5.110:microsoft-ds->192.168.5.1:52759 (ESTABLISHED) 字段详解 COMMAND: 进程的名称 PID：进程的标识符 USER：进程所有者 FD：文件描述符，应用程序通过文件描述符识别该文件，如cwd，txt等 TYPE：文件类型，如DIR,REG等 DEVICE：指定磁盘的名称 SIZE: 文件的大小 NODE: 索引节点(文件在磁盘上的标识) NAME：打开文件的确切名称
更多lsof用法
lsof -i:8080：查看8080端口占用 lsof abc.txt：显示开启文件abc.txt的进程 lsof -c abc：显示abc进程现在打开的文件 lsof -c -p 1234：列出进程号为1234的进程所打开的文件 lsof -g gid：显示归属gid的进程情况 lsof +d /usr/local/：显示目录下被进程开启的文件 lsof +D /usr/local/：同上，但是会搜索目录下的目录，时间较长 lsof -d 4：显示使用fd为4的进程 lsof -i -U：显示所有打开的端口和UNIX domain文件
11.2 uptime¶
root@leco:~# uptime 14:35:59 up 4:17, 1 user, load average: 0.10, 0.04, 0.01 | | | | | | | |_ 15分钟负载 | | | | | | |_ 5分钟负载 | | | | | |__ 1分钟负载 | | | | |__ 负载[后面表示1,5,15分钟系统负载的值，越大表示负载越高] | | | |___ 登录当前系统yoghurt | | | | |___|__ 开机状态UP，开机到现在时间4h17m |___ 目前系统当前时间
11.3 free¶
Linux free命令用于显示内存状态。free指令会显示内存的使用情况，包括实体内存，虚拟的交换文件内存，共享内存区段，以及系统核心使用的缓冲区等。
用法
free [-bkmotV][-s <间隔秒数>]
参数说明：
- -b 以Byte为单位显示内存使用情况。
- -k 以KB为单位显示内存使用情况。
- -m 以MB为单位显示内存使用情况。
- -o 不显示缓冲区调节列。
- -s<间隔秒数> 持续观察内存使用状况。
- -t 显示内存总和列。
- -V 显示版本信息。
显示内存使用情况
[root@master01 ~]# free //显示内存使用信息
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3312584 676996 138616 174628 2496972 2166080
Swap: 3538940 5384 3533556
以上不好读[按照字节]，不友好，一般不推荐使用。
以总和的形式显示内存的使用信息
[root@master01 ~]# free -g # 显示单位是GB
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3 0 0 0 2 2
Swap: 3 0 3
[root@master01 ~]# free -m # 显示单位是MB
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3234 661 126 178 2446 2107
Swap: 3455 5 3450
[root@master01 ~]# free -k # 显示单位是KB
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3312584 677092 129836 182820 2505656 2157784
Swap: 3538940 5384 3533556
# 显示单位是MB,且每隔2秒，执行一次
[root@master01 ~]# free -m -s 2
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3234 662 125 178 2447 2106
Swap: 3455 5 3450
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3234 662 125 178 2447 2106
11.4 iftop¶
11.5 vmstat¶
11.6 mpstat¶
11.7 iostat¶
11.8 iotop¶
11.9 sar¶
11.10 chkconfig¶
Linux chkconfig命令用于检查，设置系统的各种服务。这是Red Hat公司遵循GPL规则所开发的程序，它可查询操作系统在每一个执行等级中会执行哪些系统服务，其中包括各类常驻服务。
该命令在centos7上即将废除了。在centos6用的很多。
语法
chkconfig [--add][--del][--list][系统服务] 或 chkconfig [--level <等级代号>][系统服务][on/off/reset]
参数：
- --add 增加所指定的系统服务，让chkconfig指令得以管理它，并同时在系统启动的叙述文件内增加相关数据。
- --del 删除所指定的系统服务，不再由chkconfig指令管理，并同时在系统启动的叙述文件内删除相关数据。
- --level<等级代号> 指定读系统服务要在哪一个执行等级中开启或关毕。
[root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig --list aegis 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off agentwatch 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off auditd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off blk-availability 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off cgconfig 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off cgred 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off cloud-config 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off cloud-final 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off cloud-init 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off cloud-init-local 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ecs_mq-service 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off eni-service 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off htcacheclean 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off irqbalance 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off iscsi 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off iscsid 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lvm2-monitor 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off mdmonitor 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off messagebus 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off multipathd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off netfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nscd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ntpdate 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rdisc 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off redis 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off redis-sentinel 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off restorecond 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off salt-master 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off salt-minion 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off saslauthd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off smartd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off udev-post 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off vsftpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig --list nginx nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig nginx off # 开机不自启动 [root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig --list nginx nginx 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off [root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig nginx on # 开机自启动 [root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# chkconfig --list nginx nginx 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
Linux运行等级。
参数：
- 0: 关机
- 1: 单用户模式
- 2： 没有网络的多用户模式
- 3： 完全的多用户模式
- 4： 预留
- 5： 图形界面多用户模式
- 6： 重启
[root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# cat /etc/inittab # inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel. # # ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM. # # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf # # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf # # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf # # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf, # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init. # # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how # upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8). # # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are: # 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this) # 1 - Single user mode # 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking) # 3 - Full multiuser mode # 4 - unused # 5 - X11 # 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this) # id:3:initdefault:
centos7
查看当前模式 [root@master01 tmp]# systemctl get-default multi-user.target
11.11 ntsysv¶
Linux ntsysv命令用于设置系统的各种服务。这是Red Hat公司遵循GPL规则所开发的程序，它具有互动式操作界面，您可以轻易地利用方向键和空格键等，开启，关闭操作系统在每个执行等级中，所要执行的系统服务。
语法
ntsysv [--back][--level <等级代号>]
参数：
- --back 在互动式界面里，显示Back钮，而非Cancel钮。
- --level <等级代号> 在指定的执行等级中，决定要开启或关闭哪些系统服务。
[root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# ntsysv ntsysv 1.3.49.5 - (C) 2000-2001 Red Hat, Inc. ┌──────────────────┤ Services ├──────────────────┐ │ │ │ What services should be automatically started? │ │ │ │ [*] aegis ↑ │ │ [*] agentwatch ▮ │ │ [*] auditd ▒ │ │ [*] blk-availability ▒ │ │ [ ] cgconfig ▒ │ │ [ ] cgred ▒ │ │ [*] cloud-config ▒ │ │ [*] cloud-final ▒ │ │ [*] cloud-init ▒ │ │ [*] cloud-init-local ▒ │ │ [*] crond ▒ │ │ [*] ecs_mq-service ▒ │ │ [*] eni-service ▒ │ │ [ ] htcacheclean ▒ │ │ [ ] httpd ▒ │ │ [*] ip6tables ▒ │ │ [*] iptables ▒ │ │ [*] irqbalance ▒ │ │ [*] iscsi ▒ │ │ [*] iscsid ▒ │ │ [*] lvm2-monitor ▒ │ │ [*] mdmonitor ▒ │ │ [*] messagebus ↓ │ │ │ │ ┌────┐ ┌────────┐ │ │ │ Ok │ │ Cancel │ │ │ └────┘ └────────┘ │ │ │ │ │ └────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ Press <F1> for more information on a service.
以上就可以图形化操作，配置开机自启动那些服务了
11.12 setup¶
没有命令就安装包 yum install setuptool
图形配置
[root@iZwz9e73kbnnm5ufk088lnZ ~]# setup Text Mode Setup Utility 1.19.9 (c) 1999-2006 Red Hat, Inc. ┌────────┤ Choose a Tool ├─────────┐ │ │ │ Authentication configuration │ │ System services │ │ │ │ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────┐ │ │ │ Run Tool │ │ Quit │ │ │ └──────────┘ └──────┘ │ │ │ │ │ └──────────────────────────────────┘ authconfig-tui - (c) 1999-2005 Red Hat, Inc. ┌────────────────┤ Authentication Configuration ├─────────────────┐ │ │ │ User Information Authentication │ │ [ ] Cache Information [ ] Use MD5 Passwords │ │ [ ] Use LDAP [*] Use Shadow Passwords │ │ [ ] Use NIS [ ] Use LDAP Authentication │ │ [ ] Use IPAv2 [ ] Use Kerberos │ │ [ ] Use Winbind [ ] Use Fingerprint reader │ │ [ ] Use Winbind Authentication │ │ [*] Local authorization is sufficient │ │ │ │ ┌────────┐ ┌──────┐ │ │ │ Cancel │ │ Next │ │ │ └────────┘ └──────┘ │ │ │ │ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ <Tab>/<Alt-Tab> between elements | <Space> selects | <F12> next screen
11.13 ethool¶
ethtool 是用于查询及设置网卡参数的命令。
语法
ethool [网卡名] 参数列表[-h|-i|-d|-r|-s|-S]
参数说明：
- 网卡名 查询网卡基本信息
- -h 显示帮助信息
- -i 查询后面网卡信息
- -d 查询后面网卡的注册信息
- -r 重置后面网卡到自适应模式
- -S 查询后面网卡收发包统计
- -s 设置网卡速率
[root@master01 ~]# ethtool eno1
Settings for eno1:
Supported ports: [ TP MII ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Supported FEC modes: Not reported
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
Link partner advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: MII
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
Supports Wake-on: pumbg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000033 (51)
drv probe ifdown ifup
Link detected: yes
[root@master01 ~]# ethtool -i eno1
driver: r8169
version: 2.3LK-NAPI
firmware-version: rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:01:00.0
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: no
supports-eeprom-access: no
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: no
[root@master01 ~]# ethtool -d eno1
RealTek RTL8168e/8111e registers:
--------------------------------------------------------
0x00: MAC Address 0c:54:a5:01:7c:5b
0x08: Multicast Address Filter 0x00000050 0x00000080
0x10: Dump Tally Counter Command 0x34c12000 0x00000001
0x20: Tx Normal Priority Ring Addr 0x96bf4000 0x00000000
0x28: Tx High Priority Ring Addr 0x30c67800 0x11866c14
0x30: Flash memory read/write 0x00000000
0x34: Early Rx Byte Count 0
0x36: Early Rx Status 0x00
0x37: Command 0x0c
Rx on, Tx on
0x3C: Interrupt Mask 0x803f
SERR LinkChg RxNoBuf TxErr TxOK RxErr RxOK
0x3E: Interrupt Status 0x0000
0x40: Tx Configuration 0x2f200700
0x44: Rx Configuration 0x0002874e
0x48: Timer count 0x5b91711f
0x4C: Missed packet counter 0x8ef7bb
0x50: EEPROM Command 0x00
0x51: Config 0 0x00
0x52: Config 1 0x0f
0x53: Config 2 0x5d
0x54: Config 3 0xc0
0x55: Config 4 0x54
0x56: Config 5 0x80
0x58: Timer interrupt 0x00000000
0x5C: Multiple Interrupt Select 0x0000
0x60: PHY access 0x8005cde1
0x64: TBI control and status 0x27ffff01
0x68: TBI Autonegotiation advertisement (ANAR) 0xf70c
0x6A: TBI Link partner ability (LPAR) 0x0000
0x6C: PHY status 0xf3
0x84: PM wakeup frame 0 0x00000000 0x5b91783f
0x8C: PM wakeup frame 1 0x00000000 0x14c67c06
0x94: PM wakeup frame 2 (low) 0x14e46914 0x12c47894
0x9C: PM wakeup frame 2 (high) 0x34c67914 0x34c66816
0xA4: PM wakeup frame 3 (low) 0x68c67d16 0x30c47906
0xAC: PM wakeup frame 3 (high) 0x30447d16 0x00000000
0xB4: PM wakeup frame 4 (low) 0x00000000 0x00000000
0xBC: PM wakeup frame 4 (high) 0x00000000 0x00000000
0xC4: Wakeup frame 0 CRC 0x0000
0xC6: Wakeup frame 1 CRC 0x0000
0xC8: Wakeup frame 2 CRC 0x0000
0xCA: Wakeup frame 3 CRC 0x0000
0xCC: Wakeup frame 4 CRC 0x0000
0xDA: RX packet maximum size 0x4000
0xE0: C+ Command 0x21e1
Home LAN enable
VLAN de-tagging
RX checksumming
0xE2: Interrupt Mitigation 0x5151
TxTimer: 5
TxPackets: 1
RxTimer: 5
RxPackets: 1
0xE4: Rx Ring Addr 0x96953000 0x00000000
0xEC: Early Tx threshold 0x3f
0xF0: Func Event 0x00000030
0xF4: Func Event Mask 0x00000000
0xF8: Func Preset State 0x0003ffff
0xFC: Func Force Event 0x00000000
[root@master01 ~]# ethtool -S eno1
NIC statistics:
tx_packets: 15463169
rx_packets: 14713138
tx_errors: 0
rx_errors: 0
rx_missed: 0
align_errors: 0
tx_single_collisions: 0
tx_multi_collisions: 0
unicast: 14388193
broadcast: 315968
multicast: 8977
tx_aborted: 0
tx_underrun: 0
[root@master01 ~]# ethtool -s eno1 autoneg off speed 100 duplex full
11.15 mii-tool¶
查看物理网卡的网线是否在线
[root@master01 ~]# mii-tool eno1 eno1: negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok
11.16 dmidecode¶
查看内存详细信息,比如内存大小，型号，主板型号等等.
语法
dmidecode [选项]
参数说明：
- -t 只显示指定条目
- -s 只显示指定DMI字符串信息
- -q 精简输出
详细
[root@master01 ~]# dmidecode
# dmidecode 3.1
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
58 structures occupying 2363 bytes.
Table at 0x000E9BF0.
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Acer
Version: MAP23SB
Release Date: 09/02/2013
Address: 0xF0000
Runtime Size: 64 kB
ROM Size: 4096 kB
Characteristics:
PCI is supported
APM is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
BIOS ROM is socketed
EDD is supported
5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
UEFI is supported
BIOS Revision: 4.6
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: Acer
Product Name: Shangqi N6120
Version:
Serial Number: DTA0CCN010346043DC9600
UUID: 906e720a-4cf8-11e3-a582-cd6b93fb380d
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number:
Family: Acer Desktop
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Acer
Product Name: AAHD3-VF
Version: 1.02
Serial Number: DBA0CC1001345002916311
Asset Tag:
Features:
Board is a hosting board
Board is replaceable
Location In Chassis:
Chassis Handle: 0x0003
Type: Motherboard
Contained Object Handles: 0
Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 22 bytes
Chassis Information
Manufacturer: Acer
Type: Desktop
Lock: Not Present
Version:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Boot-up State: Safe
Power Supply State: Safe
Thermal State: Safe
Security Status: None
OEM Information: 0x00000000
Height: Unspecified
Number Of Power Cords: 1
Contained Elements: 0
SKU Number:
Handle 0x0004, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J1A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: PS2Mouse
External Connector Type: PS/2
Port Type: Mouse Port
Handle 0x0005, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J1A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: Keyboard
External Connector Type: PS/2
Port Type: Keyboard Port
Handle 0x0006, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: TV Out
External Connector Type: Mini Centronics Type-14
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0007, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2A2A
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: COM A
External Connector Type: DB-9 male
Port Type: Serial Port 16550A Compatible
Handle 0x0008, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2A2B
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: Video
External Connector Type: DB-15 female
Port Type: Video Port
Handle 0x0009, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: USB1
External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
Port Type: USB
Handle 0x000A, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: USB2
External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
Port Type: USB
Handle 0x000B, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J3A1
Internal Connector Type: None
External Reference Designator: USB3
External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB)
Port Type: USB
Handle 0x000C, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9A1 - TPM HDR
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x000D, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9C1 - PCIE DOCKING CONN
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x000E, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2B3 - CPU FAN
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x000F, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J6C2 - EXT HDMI
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0010, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J3C1 - GMCH FAN
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0011, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J1D1 - ITP
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0012, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9E2 - MDC INTPSR
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0013, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9E4 - MDC INTPSR
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0014, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9E3 - LPC HOT DOCKING
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0015, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9E1 - SCAN MATRIX
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0016, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J9G1 - LPC SIDE BAND
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J8F1 - UNIFIED
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0018, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J6F1 - LVDS
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x0019, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2F1 - LAI FAN
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x001A, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J2G1 - GFX VID
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x001B, DMI type 8, 9 bytes
Port Connector Information
Internal Reference Designator: J1G6 - AC JACK
Internal Connector Type: Other
External Reference Designator: Not Specified
External Connector Type: None
Port Type: Other
Handle 0x001C, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIEx16
Type: x16 PCI Express 2 x16
Current Usage: Available
Length: Long
ID: 1
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:ff:02.0
Handle 0x001D, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE_X1_1
Type: x1 PCI Express 2 x1
Current Usage: Available
Length: Short
ID: 33
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:ff:15.0
Handle 0x001E, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: PCIE_X1_2
Type: x1 PCI Express 2 x1
Current Usage: Available
Length: Short
ID: 34
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:ff:15.1
Handle 0x001F, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: MINI_CARD1
Type: x1 PCI Express 2 x1
Current Usage: Available
Length: Short
ID: 4
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:ff:15.2
Handle 0x0020, DMI type 9, 17 bytes
System Slot Information
Designation: PCI_1
Type: 32-bit PCI
Current Usage: Available
Length: Long
ID: 6
Characteristics:
3.3 V is provided
Opening is shared
PME signal is supported
Bus Address: 0000:ff:14.4
Handle 0x0021, DMI type 10, 12 bytes
On Board Device 1 Information
Type: Video
Status: Enabled
Description: Onboard AMD Graphics
On Board Device 2 Information
Type: Ethernet
Status: Enabled
Description: Realtek Gigabit Network Connection
On Board Device 3 Information
Type: Sound
Status: Enabled
Description: Realtek Audio
On Board Device 4 Information
Type: SATA Controller
Status: Enabled
Description: Onboard SATA
Handle 0x0022, DMI type 11, 5 bytes
OEM Strings
String 1: AMD FM2 APU + AMD Hudson D3
Handle 0x0023, DMI type 12, 5 bytes
System Configuration Options
Option 1: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
Handle 0x0024, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 16 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Handle 0x0025, DMI type 19, 31 bytes
Memory Array Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF
Range Size: 4 GB
Physical Array Handle: 0x0024
Partition Width: 255
Handle 0x0026, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM1
Bank Locator: BANK1
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1600 MT/s
Manufacturer: Kingston
Serial Number: BE222EA4
Asset Tag:
Part Number: ACR16D3LU1NGG/4G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Handle 0x0027, DMI type 20, 35 bytes
Memory Device Mapped Address
Starting Address: 0x00000000000
Ending Address: 0x000FFFFFFFF
Range Size: 4 GB
Physical Device Handle: 0x0026
Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0025
Partition Row Position: 1
Handle 0x0028, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM2
Bank Locator: BANK2
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x0029, DMI type 126, 35 bytes
Inactive
Handle 0x002A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM3
Bank Locator: BANK3
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x002B, DMI type 126, 35 bytes
Inactive
Handle 0x002C, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM4
Bank Locator: BANK4
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x002D, DMI type 126, 35 bytes
Inactive
Handle 0x002E, DMI type 24, 5 bytes
Hardware Security
Power-On Password Status: Disabled
Keyboard Password Status: Not Implemented
Administrator Password Status: Disabled
Front Panel Reset Status: Not Implemented
Handle 0x002F, DMI type 32, 20 bytes
System Boot Information
Status: No errors detected
Handle 0x0030, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
Onboard Device
Reference Designation: Onboard AMD Graphics
Type: Video
Status: Enabled
Type Instance: 1
Bus Address: f000:00:01.0
Handle 0x0031, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
Onboard Device
Reference Designation: Realtek Gigabit Network Connection
Type: Ethernet
Status: Enabled
Type Instance: 1
Bus Address: f000:01:00.0
Handle 0x0032, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
Onboard Device
Reference Designation: Realtek Audio
Type: Sound
Status: Enabled
Type Instance: 1
Bus Address: f000:00:01.1
Handle 0x0033, DMI type 41, 11 bytes
Onboard Device
Reference Designation: Onboard SATA
Type: SATA Controller
Status: Enabled
Type Instance: 1
Bus Address: f000:00:11.0
Handle 0x0034, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L2 CACHE
Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 2
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 4096 kB
Maximum Size: 4096 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Pipeline Burst
Installed SRAM Type: Pipeline Burst
Speed: 1 ns
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
System Type: Unified
Associativity: 16-way Set-associative
Handle 0x0035, DMI type 7, 19 bytes
Cache Information
Socket Designation: L1 CACHE
Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1
Operational Mode: Write Back
Location: Internal
Installed Size: 192 kB
Maximum Size: 192 kB
Supported SRAM Types:
Pipeline Burst
Installed SRAM Type: Pipeline Burst
Speed: 1 ns
Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC
System Type: Unified
Associativity: 2-way Set-associative
Handle 0x0037, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
Processor Information
Socket Designation: P0
Type: Central Processor
Family: Other
Manufacturer: AMD
ID: FF FB 8B 17 01 0F 61 00
Version: AMD A8-5500 APU with Radeon(tm) HD Graphics
Voltage: 1.3 V
External Clock: 100 MHz
Max Speed: 3200 MHz
Current Speed: 3200 MHz
Status: Populated, Enabled
Upgrade: Other
L1 Cache Handle: 0x0035
L2 Cache Handle: 0x0034
L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided
Serial Number: Not Specified
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
Core Count: 4
Core Enabled: 4
Thread Count: 4
Characteristics:
64-bit capable
Handle 0x0038, DMI type 172, 18 bytes
OEM-specific Type
Header and Data:
AC 12 38 00 03 02 FF FF FF 02 02 00 FF FF FF 04
03 00
Handle 0x0039, DMI type 13, 22 bytes
BIOS Language Information
Language Description Format: Long
Installable Languages: 1
en|US|iso8859-1
Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1
Handle 0x003A, DMI type 127, 4
内存信息
[root@master01 ~]# dmidecode -t memory
# dmidecode 3.1
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0024, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 16 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Handle 0x0026, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 4096 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM1
Bank Locator: BANK1
Type: DDR3
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 1600 MT/s
Manufacturer: Kingston
Serial Number: BE222EA4
Asset Tag:
Part Number: ACR16D3LU1NGG/4G
Rank: 2
Configured Clock Speed: 1600 MT/s
Handle 0x0028, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM2
Bank Locator: BANK2
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x002A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM3
Bank Locator: BANK3
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
Handle 0x002C, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0024
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: Unknown
Data Width: Unknown
Size: No Module Installed
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: DIMM4
Bank Locator: BANK4
Type: Other
Type Detail: None
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer:
Serial Number:
Asset Tag:
Part Number:
Rank: Unknown
Configured Clock Speed: Unknown
查看服务器型号
[root@master01 ~]# dmidecode -s system-product-name Shangqi N6120
查查系统序列号
[root@master01 ~]# dmidecode -s system-serial-number DTA0CCN010346043DC9600
11.17 rpm¶
Linux rpm 命令用于管理套件。rpm(redhat package manager) 原本是 Red Hat Linux 发行版专门用来管理 Linux 各项套件的程序，由于它遵循 GPL 规则且功能强大方便，因而广受欢迎。逐渐受到其他发行版的采用。RPM 套件管理方式的出现，让 Linux 易于安装，升级，间接提升了 Linux 的适用度。
语法
rpm [-acdhilqRsv][-b<完成阶段><套间档>+][-e<套件挡>][-f<文件>+][-i<套件档>][-p<套件档>＋][-U<套件档>][-vv][--addsign<套件档>+][--allfiles][--allmatches][--badreloc][--buildroot<根目录>][--changelog][--checksig<套件档>+][--clean][--dbpath<数据库目录>][--dump][--excludedocs][--excludepath<排除目录>][--force][--ftpproxy<主机名称或IP地址>][--ftpport<通信端口>][--help][--httpproxy<主机名称或IP地址>][--httpport<通信端口>][--ignorearch][--ignoreos][--ignoresize][--includedocs][--initdb][justdb][--nobulid][--nodeps][--nofiles][--nogpg][--nomd5][--nopgp][--noorder][--noscripts][--notriggers][--oldpackage][--percent][--pipe<执行指令>][--prefix<目的目录>][--provides][--queryformat<档头格式>][--querytags][--rcfile<配置档>][--rebulid<套件档>][--rebuliddb][--recompile<套件档>][--relocate<原目录>=<新目录>][--replacefiles][--replacepkgs][--requires][--resign<套件档>+][--rmsource][--rmsource<文件>][--root<根目录>][--scripts][--setperms][--setugids][--short-circuit][--sign][--target=<安装平台>+][--test][--timecheck<检查秒数>][--triggeredby<套件档>][--triggers][--verify][--version][--whatprovides<功能特性>][--whatrequires<功能特性>]
参数说明：
- -a 查询所有套件。
- -b<完成阶段><套件档>+或-t <完成阶段><套件档>+ 设置包装套件的完成阶段，并指定套件档的文件名称。
- -c 只列出组态配置文件，本参数需配合"-l"参数使用。
- -d 只列出文本文件，本参数需配合"-l"参数使用。
- -e<套件档>或--erase<套件档> 删除指定的套件。
- -f<文件>+ 查询拥有指定文件的套件。
- -h或--hash 套件安装时列出标记。
- -i 显示套件的相关信息。
- -i<套件档>或--install<套件档> 安装指定的套件档。
- -l 显示套件的文件列表。
- -p<套件档>+ 查询指定的RPM套件档。
- -q 使用询问模式，当遇到任何问题时，rpm指令会先询问用户。
- -R 显示套件的关联性信息。
- -s 显示文件状态，本参数需配合"-l"参数使用。
- -U<套件档>或--upgrade<套件档> 升级指定的套件档。
- -v 显示指令执行过程。
- -vv 详细显示指令执行过程，便于排错。
- -addsign<套件档>+ 在指定的套件里加上新的签名认证。
- --allfiles 安装所有文件。
- --allmatches 删除符合指定的套件所包含的文件。
- --badreloc 发生错误时，重新配置文件。
- --buildroot<根目录> 设置产生套件时，欲当作根目录的目录。
- --changelog 显示套件的更改记录。
- --checksig<套件档>+ 检验该套件的签名认证。
- --clean 完成套件的包装后，删除包装过程中所建立的目录。
- --dbpath<数据库目录> 设置欲存放RPM数据库的目录。
- --dump 显示每个文件的验证信息。本参数需配合"-l"参数使用。
- --excludedocs 安装套件时，不要安装文件。
- --excludepath<排除目录> 忽略在指定目录里的所有文件。
- --force 强行置换套件或文件。
- --ftpproxy<主机名称或IP地址> 指定FTP代理服务器。
- --ftpport<通信端口> 设置FTP服务器或代理服务器使用的通信端口。
- --help 在线帮助。
- --httpproxy<主机名称或IP地址> 指定HTTP代理服务器。
- --httpport<通信端口> 设置HTTP服务器或代理服务器使用的通信端口。
- --ignorearch 不验证套件档的结构正确性。
- --ignoreos 不验证套件档的结构正确性。
- --ignoresize 安装前不检查磁盘空间是否足够。
- --includedocs 安装套件时，一并安装文件。
- --initdb 确认有正确的数据库可以使用。
- --justdb 更新数据库，当不变动任何文件。
- --nobulid 不执行任何完成阶段。
- --nodeps 不验证套件档的相互关联性。
- --nofiles 不验证文件的属性。
- --nogpg 略过所有GPG的签名认证。
- --nomd5 不使用MD5编码演算确认文件的大小与正确性。
- --nopgp 略过所有PGP的签名认证。
- --noorder 不重新编排套件的安装顺序，以便满足其彼此间的关联性。
- --noscripts 不执行任何安装Script文件。
- --notriggers 不执行该套件包装内的任何Script文件。
- --oldpackage 升级成旧版本的套件。
- --percent 安装套件时显示完成度百分比。
- --pipe<执行指令> 建立管道，把输出结果转为该执行指令的输入数据。
- --prefix<目的目录> 若重新配置文件，就把文件放到指定的目录下。
- --provides 查询该套件所提供的兼容度。
- --queryformat<档头格式> 设置档头的表示方式。
- --querytags 列出可用于档头格式的标签。
- --rcfile<配置文件> 使用指定的配置文件。
- --rebulid<套件档> 安装原始代码套件，重新产生二进制文件的套件。
- --rebuliddb 以现有的数据库为主，重建一份数据库。
- --recompile<套件档> 此参数的效果和指定"--rebulid"参数类似，当不产生套件档。
- --relocate<原目录>=<新目录> 把本来会放到原目录下的文件改放到新目录。
- --replacefiles 强行置换文件。
- --replacepkgs 强行置换套件。
- --requires 查询该套件所需要的兼容度。
- --resing<套件档>+ 删除现有认证，重新产生签名认证。
- --rmsource 完成套件的包装后，删除原始代码。
- --rmsource<文件> 删除原始代码和指定的文件。
- --root<根目录> 设置欲当作根目录的目录。
- --scripts 列出安装套件的Script的变量。
- --setperms 设置文件的权限。
- --setugids 设置文件的拥有者和所属群组。
- --short-circuit 直接略过指定完成阶段的步骤。
- --sign 产生PGP或GPG的签名认证。
- --target=<安装平台>+ 设置产生的套件的安装平台。
- --test 仅作测试，并不真的安装套件。
- --timecheck<检查秒数> 设置检查时间的计时秒数。
- --triggeredby<套件档> 查询该套件的包装者。
- --triggers 展示套件档内的包装Script。
- --verify 此参数的效果和指定"-q"参数相同。
- --version 显示版本信息。
- --whatprovides<功能特性> 查询该套件对指定的功能特性所提供的兼容度。
- --whatrequires<功能特性> 查询该套件对指定的功能特性所需要的兼容度。
[root@master01 tmp]# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
--2019-05-07 06:55:46-- https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Resolving dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)... 209.132.181.25, 209.132.181.23, 209.132.181.24
Connecting to dl.fedoraproject.org (dl.fedoraproject.org)|209.132.181.25|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 15080 (15K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’
100%[===================================================================================================================================================>] 15,080 71.3KB/s in 0.2s
2019-05-07 06:55:52 (71.3 KB/s) - ‘epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm’ saved [15080/15080]
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package epel-release-7-11.noarch is already installed
查看rpm包信息
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qpi epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Name : epel-release
Version : 7
Release : 11
Architecture: noarch
Install Date: (not installed)
Group : System Environment/Base
Size : 24834
License : GPLv2
Signature : RSA/SHA256, Mon 02 Oct 2017 01:52:02 PM EDT, Key ID 6a2faea2352c64e5
Source RPM : epel-release-7-11.src.rpm
Build Date : Mon 02 Oct 2017 01:45:58 PM EDT
Build Host : buildvm-ppc64le-05.ppc.fedoraproject.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager : Fedora Project
Vendor : Fedora Project
URL : http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel
Summary : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux repository configuration
Description :
This package contains the Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository
GPG key as well as configuration for yum.
查看rpm包内容
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qpl epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
/usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/90-epel.preset
/usr/share/doc/epel-release-7
/usr/share/doc/epel-release-7/GPL
插卡rpm包依赖
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qpR epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
warning: epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
config(epel-release) = 7-11
redhat-release >= 7
rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1
rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1
rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
rpmlib(PayloadIsXz) <= 5.2-1
查看系统是否安装指定rpm包
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qa lrzsz
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64
卸载指定rpm包
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -e lrzsz # 卸载
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qa lrzsz # 查看
[root@master01 tmp]# rz
-bash: rz: command not found
查看文件属于哪个rpm 包
[root@master01 tmp]# rpm -qf $(which ifconfig)
net-tools-2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7.x86_64
11.18 yum¶
yum（ Yellow dog Updater, Modified）是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中的Shell前端软件包管理器。基于RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
语法
yum [options] [command] [package ...]
- **options：**可选选项包括-h[帮助]，-y[当安装过程提示选择全部为"yes"]，-q[不显示安装的过程]等等。
- **command：**要进行的操作。
- **package**操作的对象。
常用命令
- 1.列出所有可更新的软件清单命令：yum check-update
- 2.更新所有软件命令：yum update
- 3.仅安装指定的软件命令：yum install
- 4.仅更新指定的软件命令：yum update
- 5.列出所有可安裝的软件清单命令：yum list
- 6.删除软件包命令：yum remove
- 7.查找软件包 命令：yum search
- 8.安装本地rpm包: yum localinstall
- 9.获取软件包信息: yum info
- 10 .清除缓存命令:
- yum clean packages: 清除缓存目录下的软件包
- yum clean headers: 清除缓存目录下的 headers
- yum clean oldheaders: 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers
- yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) :清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers
安装
[root@master01 ~]# yum install pam-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pam-devel.x86_64 0:1.1.8-22.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
pam-devel x86_64 1.1.8-22.el7 base 184 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 184 k
Installed size: 528 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
pam-devel-1.1.8-22.el7.x86_64.rpm | 184 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : pam-devel-1.1.8-22.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : pam-devel-1.1.8-22.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
pam-devel.x86_64 0:1.1.8-22.el7
Complete!
卸载
[root@master01 ~]# yum remove pam-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package pam-devel.x86_64 0:1.1.8-22.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
pam-devel x86_64 1.1.8-22.el7 @base 528 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package
Installed size: 528 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Erasing : pam-devel-1.1.8-22.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : pam-devel-1.1.8-22.el7.x86_64 1/1
Removed:
pam-devel.x86_64 0:1.1.8-22.el7
Complete!
找到的文件包含ng
[root@master01 ~]# yum list ng*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Available Packages
nghttp2.x86_64 1.31.1-1.el7 epel
nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 epel
ngircd.x86_64 23-1.el7 epel
ngrep.x86_64 1.47-1.1.20180101git9b59468.el7 epel
查看yum安装某软件的详细信息
[root@master01 ~]# yum info nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* epel: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.cn99.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Available Packages
Name : nginx
Arch : x86_64
Epoch : 1
Version : 1.12.2
Release : 2.el7
Size : 530 k
Repo : epel/x86_64
Summary : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
URL : http://nginx.org/
License : BSD
Description : Nginx is a web server and a reverse proxy server for HTTP, SMTP, POP3 and
: IMAP protocols, with a strong focus on high concurrency, performance and low
: memory usage.
更换yum源,网易（163）yum源是国内最好的yum源之一 ，无论是速度还是软件版本，都非常的不错。
将yum源设置为163 yum，可以提升软件包安装和更新的速度，同时避免一些常见软件版本无法找到。
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo mv CentOS6-Base-163.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
centos5,6,7对应的yum源
CentOS5 ：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo CentOS6 ：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo CentOS7 ：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
运行以下命令生成缓存
yum clean all yum makecache
除了网易之外，国内还有其他不错的 yum 源，比如中科大和搜狐,阿里源。
中科大的 yum 源安装方法查看：https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos sohu 的 yum 源安装方法查看: http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/centos.html 阿里yum源 curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
11.19 lspci¶
查询pci设备详细信息，
语法
lspci [选项]
参数说明：
- -v 显示详细信息
- -vv 显示更详细信息
- -s 显示指定总线信息
root@leco:~# lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation H61 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 [GeForce GT 620 OEM] (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0b)
11.02 lscpu¶
查看cpu详细信息
root@leco:~# lscpu Architecture: x86_64 CPU 运行模式： 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 每个核的线程数：1 每个座的核数： 4 Socket(s): 1 NUMA 节点： 1 厂商 ID： GenuineIntel CPU 系列： 6 型号： 58 Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3350P CPU @ 3.10GHz 步进： 9 CPU MHz： 1647.663 CPU max MHz: 3300.0000 CPU min MHz: 1600.0000 BogoMIPS: 6186.27 虚拟化： VT-x L1d 缓存： 32K L1i 缓存： 32K L2 缓存： 256K L3 缓存： 6144K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant _tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cpuid_fault epb pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase smep erms xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts flush_l1d
lspci -v lspci -vv
显示单一信息
root@leco:~# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor PCI Express Root Port (rev 09)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation H61 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 [GeForce GT 620 OEM] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1)
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0b)
root@leco:~# lspci -s 01:00.1
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GF119 HDMI Audio Controller (rev a1)
root@leco:~# lspci -s 00:1f.2 # 设备编号，根据lspci输出，第一列就是设备编号
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05)
root@leco:~# lspci -s 00:1f.2 -v
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])
DeviceName: Onboard Intel SATA Controller
Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 28
I/O ports at f070 [size=8]
I/O ports at f060 [size=4]
I/O ports at f050 [size=8]
I/O ports at f040 [size=4]
I/O ports at f020 [size=32]
Memory at f7206000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0
Capabilities: [b0] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci