Kubernets Pod
1. 管理命令概要¶
| 类型 | 命令 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
| 基础命令 | create | 通过文件名或标准输入创建资源 |
| . | expose | 将一个资源公开为一个新的Service |
| . | run | 在集群中运行一个特定的镜像 |
| . | set | 在对象上设置特定的功能 |
| . | get | 显示一个或多个资源 |
| . | explain | 文档参考资料 |
| . | edit | 使用默认的编辑器编辑一个资源。 |
| . | delete | 通过文件名、标准输入、资源名称或标签选择器来删除资源。 |
| 部署命令 | rollout | 管理资源的发布 |
| . | rolling-update | 对给定的复制控制器滚动更新 |
| . | scale | 扩容或缩容Pod数量，Deployment、ReplicaSet、RC或Job |
| . | autoscale | 创建一个自动选择扩容或缩容并设置Pod数量 |
| 集群管理命令 | certificate | 修改证书资源 |
| . | cluster-info | 显示集群信息 |
| . | top | 显示资源（CPU/Memory/Storage）使用。需要Heapster运行 |
| . | cordon | 标记节点不可调度 |
| . | uncordon | 标记节点可调度 |
| . | drain | 驱逐节点上的应用，准备下线维护 |
| . | taint | 修改节点taint标记 |
| 故障诊断和调试命令 | describe | 显示特定资源或资源组的详细信息 |
| . | logs | 在一个Pod中打印一个容器日志。如果Pod只有一个容器，容器名称是可选的 |
| . | attach | 附加到一个运行的容器 |
| . | exec | 执行命令到容器 |
| . | port-forward | 转发一个或多个本地端口到一个pod |
| . | proxy | 运行一个proxy到Kubernetes API server |
| . | cp | 拷贝文件或目录到容器中 |
| . | auth | 检查授权 |
| 高级命令 | apply | 通过文件名或标准输入对资源应用配置 |
| . | patch | 使用补丁修改、更新资源的字段 |
| . | replace | 通过文件名或标准输入替换一个资源 |
| . | convert | 不同的API版本之间转换配置文件 |
| 设置命令 | label | 更新资源上的标签 |
| . | annotate | 更新资源上的注释 |
| . | completion | 用于实现kubectl工具自动补全其他命令 |
| . | api-versions | 打印受支持的API版本 |
| . | config | 修改kubeconfig文件（用于访问API，比如配置认证信息） |
| . | help | 所有命令帮助 |
| . | plugin | 运行一个命令行插件 |
| . | version | 打印客户端和服务版本信息 |
1.1 创建¶
先删除之前的pod，为创建干净环境[生产慎用]
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-5c7588df-c58ql 1/1 Running 0 3d21h nginx-5c7588df-gh6l9 1/1 Running 0 3d21h nginx-5c7588df-nlj5l 1/1 Running 0 3d22h nginx-5c7588df-p8ls9 1/1 Running 0 3d nginx-5c7588df-sv64n 1/1 Running 0 3d [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get deploy NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE nginx 5/5 5 5 3d22h [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl delete deploy nginx deployment.extensions "nginx" deleted [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get deploy No resources found. [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pod No resources found.
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl create deployment web --image=nginx deployment.apps/web created [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES web-bbb9f66c9-gt486 1/1 Running 0 17s 172.17.66.2 192.168.186.141 <none> <none>
创建deployment名字为web 使用的镜像是nginx[默认会去dockerhub下载最新的，要是私有仓库需要指定仓库名称]
1.2 发布¶
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl expose deployment web --port=80 --target-port=80 --name=nginx-service --type=NodePort
service/nginx-service exposed
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/web-bbb9f66c9-gt486 1/1 Running 0 6m46s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d
service/nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h
service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 3m31s
| |___________> 宿主机ip，随机端口
|_______________> 容器内ip
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
web-bbb9f66c9-gt486 1/1 Running 0 8m5s 172.17.66.2 192.168.186.141 <none> <none>
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# curl 192.168.186.141:34641
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
在node上测试
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# curl 192.168.186.141:34641
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# ping 10.0.0.152
PING 10.0.0.152 (10.0.0.152) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 10.0.0.152 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms
指定deployment的名字为web[上面创建的]，外部访问端口[port]是80，内部端口[target-port]是80, 名字是nginx-service，类型是NodePort 。
查看pod信息
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pods,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/web-bbb9f66c9-gt486 1/1 Running 0 14m
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d
service/nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h
service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 11m
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl describe pod web-bbb9f66c9-gt486
\Name: web-bbb9f66c9-gt486
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
PriorityClassName: <none>
Node: 192.168.186.141/192.168.186.141
Start Time: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 16:15:14 +0800
Labels: app=web
pod-template-hash=bbb9f66c9
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.66.2
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/web-bbb9f66c9
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://2d660194edef9b58f539edccb29a95e8b5d1593422cb93044491c9cac238bf29
Image: nginx
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:edeeacc4b2605cfbdc5b9e4dc502e3269c8346aa4d257d2fab74dccfc0f7b972
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
State: Running
Started: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 16:15:16 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r5m2l (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-r5m2l:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-r5m2l
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 15m default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/web-bbb9f66c9-gt486 to 192.168.186.141
Normal Pulling 15m kubelet, 192.168.186.141 pulling image "nginx"
Normal Pulled 15m kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Successfully pulled image "nginx"
Normal Created 15m kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Created container
Normal Started 15m kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Started container
1.3 更新¶
查看历史发布版本
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl rollout history deployment/web deployment.extensions/web REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE 1 <none>
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl edit deployment/web
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl set image deployment web nginx=nginx:1.12 deployment.extensions/web image updated
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pods,svc -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES pod/web-78b9948b79-wsmzc 1/1 Running 0 57s 172.17.8.2 192.168.186.142 <none> <none> NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none> service/nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h app=nginx service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 17m app=web
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# curl 192.168.186.142:34641 -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 08:36:40 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 612 Last-Modified: Tue, 11 Jul 2017 13:29:18 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5964d2ae-264" Accept-Ranges: bytes
查看发布版本记录
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl rollout history deployment web deployment.extensions/web REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE 1 <none> 2 <none>
1.4 回滚¶
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl rollout undo deployment web deployment.extensions/web rolled back [root@k8s-master01 ui]# curl 192.168.186.142:34641 -I ^C [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pods,svc -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES pod/web-bbb9f66c9-vcp9p 1/1 Running 0 29s 172.17.66.2 192.168.186.141 <none> <none> NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none> service/nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h app=nginx service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 20m app=web [root@k8s-master01 ui]# curl 192.168.186.141:34641 -I HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.15.12 Date: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 08:38:20 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 612 Last-Modified: Tue, 16 Apr 2019 13:08:19 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5cb5d3c3-264" Accept-Ranges: bytes
undo只是回滚到上一个版本，和部署的流程类似。
回滚到指定版本
命令help
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl rollout history --h
Error: unknown flag: --h
Examples:
# View the rollout history of a deployment
kubectl rollout history deployment/abc
# View the details of daemonset revision 3
kubectl rollout history daemonset/abc --revision=3
Options:
--allow-missing-template-keys=true: If true, ignore any errors in templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to golang and jsonpath output
formats. -f, --filename=[]: Filename, directory, or URL to files identifying the resource to get from a server.
-o, --output='': Output format. One of: json|yaml|name|go-template|go-template-file|template|templatefile|jsonpath|jsonpath-file.
-R, --recursive=false: Process the directory used in -f, --filename recursively. Useful when you want to manage related manifests organized within the same directory.
--revision=0: See the details, including podTemplate of the revision specified
--template='': Template string or path to template file to use when -o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates [http://golang.org/pkg/te
xt/template/#pkg-overview].
Usage:
kubectl rollout history (TYPE NAME | TYPE/NAME) [flags] [options]
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).
unknown flag: --h
kubectl rollout history deployemnt --revision=0 就是之前的REVISION号。 [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl rollout history deployment web deployment.extensions/web REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE 1 <none> 2 <none>
1.5 删除¶
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl delete deployment web deployment.extensions "web" deleted [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get pods,svc -o wide NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none> service/nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h app=nginx service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 21m app=web [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get svc -o wide NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none> nginx NodePort 10.0.0.88 <none> 88:30232/TCP 3d22h app=nginx nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 21m app=web [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl delete svc/nginx service "nginx" deleted [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get svc -o wide NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none> nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.152 <none> 80:34641/TCP 22m app=web [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl delete svc/nginx-service service "nginx-service" deleted [root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get svc -o wide NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d <none>
2. yaml文件¶
[root@k8s-master01 ui]# kubectl get svc kubernetes -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
creationTimestamp: "2019-04-18T07:52:29Z"
labels:
component: apiserver
provider: kubernetes
name: kubernetes
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "27"
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/services/kubernetes
uid: ea082ff9-61ae-11e9-9365-000c2994bdca
spec:
clusterIP: 10.0.0.1
ports:
- name: https
port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 6443
sessionAffinity: None
type: ClusterIP
status:
loadBalancer: {}
2.1 语法格式¶
- 缩进表示层级关系
- 不支持制表符“tab”缩进，使用空格缩进
- 通常开头缩进 2 个空格
- 字符后缩进 1 个空格，如冒号、逗号等
- “---” 表示YAML格式，一个文件的开始
- “#”注释
- 使用“-”（横线） + 单个空格表示单个列表项
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.15
ports:
- containerPort: 8
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-dc89x 1/1 Running 0 49s 172.17.66.3 192.168.186.141 <none> <none> nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-knvk9 1/1 Running 0 49s 172.17.8.2 192.168.186.142 <none> <none> nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-w8j4j 1/1 Running 0 49s 172.17.66.2 192.168.186.141 <none> <none>
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-service
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d1h
nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.228 <none> 80:41583/TCP 43s
3. 生命周期¶
• 用run命令生成kubectl run --image=nginx my-deploy -o yaml --dry-run > my-deploy.yaml • 用get命令导出kubectl get my-deploy/nginx -o=yaml --export > my-deploy.yaml • Pod容器的字段拼写忘记了kubectl explain pods.spec.containers
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl run --image=nginx my-deploy -o yaml --dry-run >dry_run.yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat dry_run.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
run: my-deploy
name: my-deploy
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
run: my-deploy
strategy: {}
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
run: my-deploy
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: my-deploy
resources: {}
status: {}
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get deployment
NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment 3/3 3 3 34m
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
{"apiVersion":"apps/v1beta2","kind":"Deployment","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"nginx-deployment","namespace":"default"},"spec":{"replicas":3,"selector":{"matchLabe
ls":{"app":"nginx"}},"template":{"metadata":{"labels":{"app":"nginx"}},"spec":{"containers":[{"image":"nginx:1.15","name":"nginx","ports":[{"containerPort":8}]}]}}}} creationTimestamp: "2019-04-22T08:52:57Z"
generation: 1
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "71672"
selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment
uid: 0634c08c-64dc-11e9-9365-000c2994bdca
spec:
progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
replicas: 3
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
strategy:
rollingUpdate:
maxSurge: 25%
maxUnavailable: 25%
type: RollingUpdate
template:
metadata:
creationTimestamp: null
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx:1.15
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: nginx
ports:
- containerPort: 8
protocol: TCP
resources: {}
terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
terminationMessagePolicy: File
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
restartPolicy: Always
schedulerName: default-scheduler
securityContext: {}
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
status:
availableReplicas: 3
conditions:
- lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-22T08:53:02Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2019-04-22T08:53:02Z"
message: Deployment has minimum availability.
reason: MinimumReplicasAvailable
status: "True"
type: Available
- lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-22T08:52:57Z"
lastUpdateTime: "2019-04-22T08:53:02Z"
message: ReplicaSet "nginx-deployment-78f97dff9" has successfully progressed.
reason: NewReplicaSetAvailable
status: "True"
type: Progressing
observedGeneration: 1
readyReplicas: 3
replicas: 3
updatedReplicas: 3
导出
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o yaml --export
json格式
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o json
4.深入理解pod对象¶
- 最小部署单元
- 一组容器的集合
- 一个Pod中的容器共享网络命名空间
- Pod是短暂的
4.1 pod容器分类¶
- Infrastructure Container：基础容器
- 维护整个Pod网络空间
- InitContainers：初始化容器
- 先于业务容器开始执行
- Containers：业务容器
- 并行启动
5.镜像拉取策略¶
- IfNotPresent：默认值，镜像在宿主机上不存在时才拉取
- Always：每次创建 Pod 都会重新拉取一次镜像
- Never： Pod 永远不会主动拉取这个镜像
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get deployment/nginx-deployment -o yaml|grep imagePullPolicy
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
需要认证才能拉取的
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: foo
namespace: awesomeapps
spec:
containers:
- name: foo
image: janedoe/awesomeapp:v1
imagePullSecrets:
- name: myregistrykey
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl create secret --help
Create a secret using specified subcommand.
Available Commands:
docker-registry Create a secret for use with a Docker registry
generic Create a secret from a local file, directory or literal value
tls Create a TLS secret
Usage:
kubectl create secret [flags] [options]
Use "kubectl <command> --help" for more information about a given command.
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all commands).
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl create secret docker-registry --help
。。。。。
Usage:
kubectl create secret docker-registry NAME --docker-username=user --docker-password=password --docker-email=email
[--docker-server=string] [--from-literal=key1=value1] [--dry-run] [options]
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl create secret docker-registry myregistrykey --docker-username=admin --docker-password=Harbor12345 --docker-email=610658552@qq.com --docker-ser
ver="192.168.186.139" secret/myregistrykey created
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get secret
NAME TYPE DATA AGE
default-token-r5m2l kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 4d2h
myregistrykey kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson 1 10s
默认创建在defualt名称空间
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: myregistrykey
containers:
- name: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: nginx:1.15
ports:
- containerPort: 8
此时在去拉取nginx镜像[存放在harbor仓库中]的时候，会带myregistrykey这个认证信息
6.资源镜像限制¶
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container/
Pod和Container的资源请求和限制
- spec.containers[].resources.limits.cpu
- spec.containers[].resources.limits.memory
- spec.containers[].resources.requests.cpu
- spec.containers[].resources.requests.memory
官网demo limit-pod.yml
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# vim limit-pod.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: frontend
spec:
containers:
- name: db
image: mysql
resources:
requests:
memory: "64Mi"
cpu: "250m"
limits:
memory: "128Mi"
cpu: "500m"
- name: wp
image: wordpress
resources:
requests:
memory: "64Mi"
cpu: "250m"
limits:
memory: "128Mi"
cpu: "500m"
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl apply -f limit-pod.yml pod/frontend created
7.重启策略¶
- Always：当容器终止退出后，总是重启容器，默认策略。
- OnFailure：当容器异常退出（退出状态码非0）时，才重启容器。
- Never：当容器终止退出，从不重启容器。
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: myregistrykey
restartPolicy: Always
containers:
- name: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: nginx:1.15
ports:
- containerPort: 8
8.健康检查¶
https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-probes/
检测你pod中应用
Probe有以下两种类型：
-
ivenessProbe 如果检查失败，将杀死容器，根据Pod的restartPolicy来操作。
-
readinessProbe 如果检查失败，Kubernetes会把Pod从service endpoints中剔除。
Probe支持以下三种检查方法：
-
httpGet 发送HTTP请求，返回200-400范围状态码为成功。
-
exec 执行Shell命令返回状态码是0为成功。
-
tcpSocket 发起TCP Socket建立成功。
官网demo probe-pod.yaml
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat probe-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
test: liveness
name: liveness-exec
spec:
containers:
- name: liveness
image: busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 60
livenessProbe:
exec:
command:
- cat
- /tmp/healthy
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 5
修改了image[官网k8s.gcr.io/busybox]来源为busybox，和sleep为60[官网600]
查看资源信息
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod liveness-exec
Name: liveness-exec
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
PriorityClassName: <none>
Node: 192.168.186.142/192.168.186.142
Start Time: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 19:49:03 +0800
Labels: test=liveness
Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
{"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Pod","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"test":"liveness"},"name":"liveness-exec","namespace":"default"},"s...
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.8.4
Containers:
liveness:
Container ID: docker://24678d5a30003ecae6ac664ff8f65545987e5e712e3cd6a7164f8a2ab519244a
Image: busybox
Image ID: docker-pullable://busybox@sha256:577311505bc76f39349a2d389d32c7967ca478de918104126c10aa0eb7f101fd
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Args:
/bin/sh
-c
touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 60
State: Running
Started: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 19:50:19 +0800
Last State: Terminated
Reason: Error
Exit Code: 137
Started: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 19:49:05 +0800
Finished: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 19:50:18 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 1
Liveness: exec [cat /tmp/healthy] delay=5s timeout=1s period=5s #success=1 #failure=3
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r5m2l (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-r5m2l:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-r5m2l
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 2m4s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/liveness-exec to 192.168.186.142
Normal Pulling 49s (x2 over 2m3s) kubelet, 192.168.186.142 pulling image "busybox"
Normal Pulled 49s (x2 over 2m3s) kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Successfully pulled image "busybox"
Normal Created 49s (x2 over 2m3s) kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Created container
Normal Killing 49s kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Killing container with id docker://liveness:Container failed liveness probe.. Container will be killed and r
ecreated. Normal Started 48s (x2 over 2m2s) kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Started container
Warning Unhealthy 4s (x6 over 89s) kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Liveness probe failed: cat: can't open '/tmp/healthy': No such file or directory
9.调度约束¶
- nodeName用于将Pod调度到指定的Node名称上
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get node NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 192.168.186.141 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 192.168.186.142 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4
- nodeSelector用于将Pod调度到匹配Label的Node上
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
192.168.186.141 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4
192.168.186.142 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4
打标签
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl label nodes 192.168.186.141 env_role=dev
node/192.168.186.141 labeled
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl label nodes 192.168.186.142 env_role=prod
node/192.168.186.142 labeled
产看
root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
192.168.186.141 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env=dev,env_role=dev,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.141
192.168.186.142 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env_role=prod,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.142
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# cat nginx.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
# imagePullSecrets:
# - name: myregistrykey
restartPolicy: Always
nodeSelector:
env_role: dev
containers:
- name: nginx
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
image: nginx:1.15
ports:
- containerPort: 8
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment configured
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
frontend 1/2 CrashLoopBackOff 19 75m
liveness-exec 0/1 CrashLoopBackOff 13 40m
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk 1/1 Running 0 5s
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z 1/1 Running 0 3s
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-dc89x 0/1 Terminating 0 3h36m
nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-knvk9 0/1 Terminating 0 3h36m
nginx-deployment-78f97dff9-w8j4j 0/1 Terminating 0 3h36m
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
frontend 1/2 CrashLoopBackOff 19 75m
liveness-exec 0/1 CrashLoopBackOff 13 40m
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk 1/1 Running 0 16s
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z 1/1 Running 0 14s
nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp 1/1 Running 0 19s
我们查看一下容器的情况
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get pods,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/frontend 1/2 CrashLoopBackOff 19 76m
pod/liveness-exec 0/1 CrashLoopBackOff 13 41m
pod/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk 1/1 Running 0 77s
pod/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z 1/1 Running 0 75s
pod/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp 1/1 Running 0 80s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4d4h
service/nginx-service NodePort 10.0.0.228 <none> 80:41583/TCP 3h30m
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk
error: the server doesn't have a resource type "nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk"
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk
Name: nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
PriorityClassName: <none>
Node: 192.168.186.141/192.168.186.141
Start Time: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 20:29:26 +0800
Labels: app=nginx
pod-template-hash=5997b94b5c
Annotations: <none>
Status: Running
IP: 172.17.66.5
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://aa15ccbc6a00282afd9b9b804f88b0aa1c12b96ad6396761f093a90f490d8714
Image: nginx:1.15
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:225df4aa2740c1a867fb5b080cfa8bba8ba644e2ea5cca779c3d3e606072d56e
Port: 8/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Mon, 22 Apr 2019 20:29:27 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r5m2l (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-r5m2l:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-r5m2l
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: env_role=dev
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 98s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk to 192.168.186.141
Normal Pulled 97s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Container image "nginx:1.15" already present on machine
Normal Created 97s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Created container
Normal Started 97s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Started container
运行在了dev也就是192.168.186.141机器上了。再次检查另外两个容器
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z | grep 141
Node: 192.168.186.141/192.168.186.141
Normal Scheduled 2m49s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z to 192.168.186.141
Normal Pulled 2m48s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Container image "nginx:1.15" already present on machine
Normal Created 2m48s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Created container
Normal Started 2m48s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Started container
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp |grep 141
Node: 192.168.186.141/192.168.186.141
Normal Scheduled 3m5s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp to 192.168.186.141
Normal Pulled 3m4s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Container image "nginx:1.15" already present on machine
Normal Created 3m4s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Created container
Normal Started 3m4s kubelet, 192.168.186.141 Started container
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp |grep 142
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z | grep 142
从上可见都运行在角色是dev的机器上了
标签新增和删除
打标签 [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl label nodes 192.168.186.142 test_role=test node/192.168.186.142 labeled [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS 192.168.186.141 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env_role=dev,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.141 192.168.186.142 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env_role=prod,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.142,test_role=test 删除标签 [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl label nodes 192.168.186.142 test_role- node/192.168.186.142 labeled [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS 192.168.186.141 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env_role=dev,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.141 192.168.186.142 Ready <none> 4d2h v1.13.4 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,env_role=prod,kubernetes.io/hostname=192.168.186.142
10. 故障排查¶
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/
| 值 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| Pending | Pod创建已经提交到Kubernetes。但是，因为某种原因而不能顺利创建。例如下载镜像慢，调度不成功。 |
| Running | Pod已经绑定到一个节点，并且已经创建了所有容器。至少有一个容器正在运行中，或正在启动或重新启动。 |
| Succeeded | Pod中的所有容器都已成功终止，不会重新启动。 |
| Failed | Pod的所有容器均已终止，且至少有一个容器已在故障中终止。也就是说，容器要么以非零状态退出，要么被系统终止。 |
| Unknown | 由于某种原因apiserver无法获得Pod的状态，通常是由于Master与Pod所在主机kubelet通信时出错。 |
kubectl describe TYPE/NAME kubectl logs TYPE/NAME [-c CONTAINER] kubectl exec POD [-c CONTAINER] -- COMMAND [args...]
例子
[root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE frontend 1/2 CrashLoopBackOff 21 84m liveness-exec 1/1 Running 16 49m nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk 1/1 Running 0 9m11s nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-cs28z 1/1 Running 0 9m9s nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-zc7pp 1/1 Running 0 9m14s 查看所有详细信息 [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl describe frontend 查看日志 [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl logs nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk 进入控制台[进入容器类似docker进入] [root@k8s-master01 demo]# kubectl exec -it nginx-deployment-5997b94b5c-79rrk sh # ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var #
hello-world-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: hello-world
spec: #配置pod的具体规格
restartPolicy: OnFailure
containers:
- name: hello
image: "ubuntu:14.04"
command: ["/bin/echo","Hello","world"]
字段解释
apiVersion: 声明K8s的API版本
kind: 声明API对象的类型，这里是Pod
metadata: 设置Pod的元数据
name: hello-world 指定Pod的名称Pod名称必须在Namespace内唯一
spec: 配置Pod的具体规格
restartPolicy: 重启策略
containers: 容器规格，数组形式，每一项定义一个容器
- name: 指定容器的名称，在Pod的定义中唯一
image: 设置容器镜像
command: 设置容器的启动命令
11.2 创建¶
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# ls hello-world-pod.yaml # 创建 [root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl create -f hello-world-pod.yaml pod/hello-world created
11.3 查询 pod信息¶
11.3.1 简单信息¶
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl get pod hello-world NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE hello-world 0/1 Completed 0 72s
解释
NAME: Pod的名称 READY: Pod的准备状况，准备就绪/Pod包含的容器总数目 STATUS: Pod的状态 RESTARTS：Pod的重启次数 AGE： Pod的运行时间
11.3.2 详细信息¶
kubectl describe pods hello-world
详细信息
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl describe pods hello-world
Name: hello-world
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
PriorityClassName: <none>
Node: 192.168.186.142/192.168.186.142
Start Time: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 13:48:04 +0800
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Status: Succeeded
IP: 172.17.8.7
Containers:
hello:
Container ID: docker://889dcd8639d0adf57a9558e60525022206e21238377dfabcb9d4ee1cecab6fe6
Image: ubuntu:14.04
Image ID: docker-pullable://ubuntu@sha256:6612de24437f6f01d6a2988ed9a36b3603df06e8d2c0493678f3ee696bc4bb2d
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Command:
/bin/echo
Hello
world
State: Terminated
Reason: Completed
Exit Code: 0
Started: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 13:48:05 +0800
Finished: Tue, 23 Apr 2019 13:48:05 +0800
Ready: False
Restart Count: 0
Environment: <none>
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r5m2l (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready False
ContainersReady False
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-r5m2l:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-r5m2l
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors: <none>
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Scheduled 3m4s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/hello-world to 192.168.186.142
Normal Pulled 3m3s kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Container image "ubuntu:14.04" already present on machine
Normal Created 3m3s kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Created container
Normal Started 3m2s kubelet, 192.168.186.142 Started container
- json显示方式显示Pod的完整信息
kubectl get pod hello-world --output json
json显示方式属性详细信息
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl get pod hello-world --output json
{
"apiVersion": "v1",
"kind": "Pod",
"metadata": {
"creationTimestamp": "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z",
"name": "hello-world",
"namespace": "default",
"resourceVersion": "117859",
"selfLink": "/api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/hello-world",
"uid": "5ca78495-658b-11e9-9365-000c2994bdca"
},
"spec": {
"containers": [
{
"command": [
"/bin/echo",
"Hello",
"world"
],
"image": "ubuntu:14.04",
"imagePullPolicy": "IfNotPresent",
"name": "hello",
"resources": {},
"terminationMessagePath": "/dev/termination-log",
"terminationMessagePolicy": "File",
"volumeMounts": [
{
"mountPath": "/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount",
"name": "default-token-r5m2l",
"readOnly": true
}
]
}
],
"dnsPolicy": "ClusterFirst",
"enableServiceLinks": true,
"nodeName": "192.168.186.142",
"priority": 0,
"restartPolicy": "OnFailure",
"schedulerName": "default-scheduler",
"securityContext": {},
"serviceAccount": "default",
"serviceAccountName": "default",
"terminationGracePeriodSeconds": 30,
"tolerations": [
{
"effect": "NoExecute",
"key": "node.kubernetes.io/not-ready",
"operator": "Exists",
"tolerationSeconds": 300
},
{
"effect": "NoExecute",
"key": "node.kubernetes.io/unreachable",
"operator": "Exists",
"tolerationSeconds": 300
}
],
"volumes": [
{
"name": "default-token-r5m2l",
"secret": {
"defaultMode": 420,
"secretName": "default-token-r5m2l"
}
}
]
},
"status": {
"conditions": [
{
"lastProbeTime": null,
"lastTransitionTime": "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z",
"reason": "PodCompleted",
"status": "True",
"type": "Initialized"
},
{
"lastProbeTime": null,
"lastTransitionTime": "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z",
"reason": "PodCompleted",
"status": "False",
"type": "Ready"
},
{
"lastProbeTime": null,
"lastTransitionTime": "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z",
"reason": "PodCompleted",
"status": "False",
"type": "ContainersReady"
},
{
"lastProbeTime": null,
"lastTransitionTime": "2019-04-23T05:48:03Z",
"status": "True",
"type": "PodScheduled"
}
],
"containerStatuses": [
{
"containerID": "docker://889dcd8639d0adf57a9558e60525022206e21238377dfabcb9d4ee1cecab6fe6",
"image": "ubuntu:14.04",
"imageID": "docker-pullable://ubuntu@sha256:6612de24437f6f01d6a2988ed9a36b3603df06e8d2c0493678f3ee696bc4bb2d",
"lastState": {},
"name": "hello",
"ready": false,
"restartCount": 0,
"state": {
"terminated": {
"containerID": "docker://889dcd8639d0adf57a9558e60525022206e21238377dfabcb9d4ee1cecab6fe6",
"exitCode": 0,
"finishedAt": "2019-04-23T05:48:05Z",
"reason": "Completed",
"startedAt": "2019-04-23T05:48:05Z"
}
}
}
],
"hostIP": "192.168.186.142",
"phase": "Succeeded",
"podIP": "172.17.8.7",
"qosClass": "BestEffort",
"startTime": "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
}
}
- yaml显示方式显示Pod的完整信息
kubectl get pod hello-world --output yaml
yaml显示方式属性详细信息
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl get pod hello-world --output yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
creationTimestamp: "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
name: hello-world
namespace: default
resourceVersion: "117859"
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/pods/hello-world
uid: 5ca78495-658b-11e9-9365-000c2994bdca
spec:
containers:
- command:
- /bin/echo
- Hello
- world
image: ubuntu:14.04
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
name: hello
resources: {}
terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
terminationMessagePolicy: File
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
name: default-token-r5m2l
readOnly: true
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
enableServiceLinks: true
nodeName: 192.168.186.142
priority: 0
restartPolicy: OnFailure
schedulerName: default-scheduler
securityContext: {}
serviceAccount: default
serviceAccountName: default
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
tolerations:
- effect: NoExecute
key: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready
operator: Exists
tolerationSeconds: 300
- effect: NoExecute
key: node.kubernetes.io/unreachable
operator: Exists
tolerationSeconds: 300
volumes:
- name: default-token-r5m2l
secret:
defaultMode: 420
secretName: default-token-r5m2l
status:
conditions:
- lastProbeTime: null
lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
reason: PodCompleted
status: "True"
type: Initialized
- lastProbeTime: null
lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
reason: PodCompleted
status: "False"
type: Ready
- lastProbeTime: null
lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
reason: PodCompleted
status: "False"
type: ContainersReady
- lastProbeTime: null
lastTransitionTime: "2019-04-23T05:48:03Z"
status: "True"
type: PodScheduled
containerStatuses:
- containerID: docker://889dcd8639d0adf57a9558e60525022206e21238377dfabcb9d4ee1cecab6fe6
image: ubuntu:14.04
imageID: docker-pullable://ubuntu@sha256:6612de24437f6f01d6a2988ed9a36b3603df06e8d2c0493678f3ee696bc4bb2d
lastState: {}
name: hello
ready: false
restartCount: 0
state:
terminated:
containerID: docker://889dcd8639d0adf57a9558e60525022206e21238377dfabcb9d4ee1cecab6fe6
exitCode: 0
finishedAt: "2019-04-23T05:48:05Z"
reason: Completed
startedAt: "2019-04-23T05:48:05Z"
hostIP: 192.168.186.142
phase: Succeeded
podIP: 172.17.8.7
qosClass: BestEffort
startTime: "2019-04-23T05:48:04Z"
11.4 更新 pod¶
kubectl replace -f hello-world-pod.yaml
11.5 重建 pod¶
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl replace --force -f hello-world-pod.yaml pod "hello-world" deleted pod/hello-world replaced
11.6 查看日志¶
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl logs -f hello-world Hello world
-f 类似tail参数一样。
11.7 删除pod¶
[root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl delete -f hello-world-pod.yaml pod "hello-world" deleted [root@k8s-master01 yml]# kubectl get pods hello-world Error from server (NotFound): pods "hello-world" not found
kubectl delete ([-f FILENAME] | TYPE [(NAME | -l label | --all)]) [options]
其他删除示例
Examples: # Delete a pod using the type and name specified in pod.json. kubectl delete -f ./pod.json # Delete a pod based on the type and name in the JSON passed into stdin. cat pod.json | kubectl delete -f - # Delete pods and services with same names "baz" and "foo" kubectl delete pod,service baz foo # Delete pods and services with label name=myLabel. kubectl delete pods,services -l name=myLabel # Delete a pod with minimal delay kubectl delete pod foo --now # Force delete a pod on a dead node kubectl delete pod foo --grace-period=0 --force # Delete all pods kubectl delete pods --all